Australian National University researchers have developed a new way of making semi-transparent perovskite solar cells that could lead to solar electricity that is cheaper and up to 30 per cent more efficient.
The ANU team said on Monday that the breakthrough “significantly improved” the performance of perovskite solar cells, which can combine with conventional silicon solar cells to produce more efficient solar electricity.
Tests so far have achieved record efficiency of 16.6 per cent for a perovskite cell, and 24.5 per cent for a perovskite-silicon tandem – one of the highest efficiencies reported for this type of cell.
Dr Tom White from the ANU Research School of Engineering said perovskite solar cells were extremely good at making electricity from visible light – blue, green and red – while conventional silicon solar cells were more efficient at converting infrared light into electricity.
The new fabrication method involves adding a small amount of the element indium into one of the cell layers during fabrication. That could increase the cell’s power output by as much as 25 per cent.
“The prospect of adding a few additional processing steps at the end of a silicon cell production line to make perovskite cells is very exciting and could boost solar efficiency from 25 per cent to 30 per cent,” Dr White said.
“By combining these two cells, the perovskite cell and the silicon cell, we are able to make much better use of the solar energy and achieve higher efficiencies than either cell on its own.”
Perovskite cells, while known to boost solar efficiency, are not yet stable enough to be used on rooftops – but this could also change with the new fabrication technique, according to Dr White.
“We have been able to achieve a record efficiency of 16.6 per cent for a semi-transparent perovskite cell, and 24.5 per cent for a perovskite-silicon tandem, which is one of the highest efficiencies reported for this type of cell,” said Dr White.
Dr White said the research placed ANU in a small group of labs around the world with the capability to improve silicon solar cell efficiency using perovskites.
The development builds on the state-of-the-art silicon cell research at ANU and is part of a $12.2 million “High-efficiency silicon/perovskite solar cells” project led by University of New South Wales and supported by $3.6 million of funding from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency.
Research partners include Monash University, Arizona State University, Suntech R&D Australia Pty Ltd and Trina Solar.
